Hi, I’m Dr. Joseph Nemeth, a periodontist in Southfield, Michigan. Today I want to share with you the five most common pathogens we see in the mouths of patients with periodontal (gum) disease.

Here’s the scary truth:

Up to 70% of the U.S. population has some form of periodontal disease.

The good news? It’s treatable — if you catch it early.

Unfortunately, most people don’t even know they have it. Gum disease doesn’t typically cause pain, so by the time it’s noticed, teeth may already be loosening or need removal. Let’s take a look at the types of organisms that silently cause this damage.

1. Spinning Rods (Early Infection)

Spinning rods are one of the first bacterial forms we see in early gum disease.

They are highly active and aggressive. Under the microscope, you’ll see them rapidly spinning and multiplying.

?? When we detect spinning rods, it’s usually an indication that periodontal disease is in its earlier stages — but intervention is still critical.

2. Gliding Rods (Progressing Infection)

As the disease progresses, gliding rods begin to appear.

These bacteria are more advanced than spinning rods and signal moderate to progressing gum disease.

This is the point where your periodontal health starts affecting more than just your gums — it’s likely impacting your overall systemic health.

3. Spirochetes (Advanced Gum Disease)

When spirochetes appear, gum disease has become more severe.

These spiral-shaped bacteria are highly destructive and strongly associated with:

• Severe periodontal inflammation
• Tooth loss
• Systemic health issues, including being found in the brains of Alzheimer’s patients

This is a dangerous stage where immediate treatment is essential.

4. Amoeba (Severe Infection)

When we find amoeba, it signals a very advanced stage of periodontal disease.

Amoeba use pseudopods to slowly move through tissue and actually consume your body’s own white blood cells, defeating your immune system’s attempt to fight the infection.

This is a deeply aggressive stage of the disease.

5. Trichomonas (Most Virulent Form)

Trichomonas is the most dangerous pathogen we see in the mouth.

It’s rarely detected, but when it is, it’s associated with severe, rapidly advancing gum disease.

Trichomonas organisms:

• Move using flagella, whip-like structures
• Are also found in sexually transmitted diseases
• Indicate a very advanced and highly aggressive infection

Where Do These Pathogens Come From?

Most patients ask: Where do these bacteria come from?

The truth is — they’re everywhere.

They can be transmitted through:

• Food
• Pets
• Kissing
• Shared utensils

But it’s not just about exposure. It’s about whether or not your mouth provides an environment for them to colonize, multiply, and infect.

Symptoms to Watch For

You won’t always feel pain with gum disease, but there are key warning signs:

• Bleeding gums
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Persistent bad breath
• Receding gum line
• Inflamed or swollen gums

If you’re experiencing any of these, it’s time to get checked.

Why This Matters

These harmful pathogens don’t just affect your mouth — they’re linked to systemic issues such as:

• Heart disease
• Diabetes
• Alzheimer’s disease
• Respiratory illness

By improving your oral health, you can reduce your risk of serious health problems across your body.

Take Action Today

Don’t wait for symptoms to get worse.

? Schedule regular periodontal checkups

? Eliminate harmful bacteria early

? Keep your gums — and your body — healthy

Ready to Restore Your Smile and Health?

Visit drnemeth.com to schedule your appointment today with Dr. Joseph Nemeth & Associates — Southfield, Michigan’s leading periodontal experts.