Understanding criterion validity is like getting a secret key that unlocks the true potential of any assessment tool, especially when it comes to hiring the right talent.
Imagine you’re a coach picking players for your team. You wouldn’t just look at how fast they can run. You’d want to know if they can run fast when it really counts: during a game.
That’s what criterion validity does. It measures how well a test predicts an individual’s performance on job-related tasks.
There are two main types of criterion validity: concurrent and predictive validity. Concurrent validity assesses how well a test matches up with a currently observed outcome.
For instance, if you’re testing a group of salespeople, you might compare their test scores to their current sales figures. A high correlation means the test is a good measure of what it claims to assess.
On the other hand, predictive validity looks into the future. It measures how well a test can predict future performance. Using the sales example, this would mean examining the test scores of candidates and then seeing how those scores align with their sales performance months down the line.
To put this into perspective, consider a company that implements a new hiring test for technical support roles.
If the test has strong concurrent validity, scores will closely correlate with the candidates’ current knowledge and troubleshooting skills as measured by other reliable methods. If the test also has strong predictive validity, those who scored well will indeed perform better in their roles.
Criterion validity is essential because it ensures that the tests used in pre-employment screening are not just random hurdles for candidates to jump over. Instead, they are carefully calibrated tools that offer real insights into a candidate’s ability to thrive in their potential new role.