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Nobel Laureates say "Take Nuclear Warheads off Hair-Trigger Alert"
San Francisco, CA
Monday, April 04, 2005
"TAKE NUCLEAR WEAPONS OF ALERT STATUS"
A PLEA BY NOBEL LAUREATES, PARALIAMENTARINS, THE EUROPARLIAMENT, AND NGOS AROUND THE WORLD
32 Nobel Laureates and 237 organizations and parliamentarians from around the world have signed a Statement of Endorsement that calls for removing all strategic nuclear weapons from "hair-trigger alert and "Launch on Warning" status. In addition the Statement has been endorsed by the European Parliament and by the Australian Senate.
The Statement is being released in the warm-up to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Review Conference in New York May 2-29 and is aimed at raising the profile of the issue of nuclear weapons operating status at that review.
Of the 32 Nobel Laureates signing the Statement, eight are Peace Laureates, including the Dalai Lama, Jose Ramos Horta, Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, Mairead Corrigan Maquire, Joseph Rotblat, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Oscar Arias Sanchez, and Betty Williams. In addition, the International Peace Bureau and IPPNW, that have received the Nobel Peace Prize, also endorsed the Statement.
A total of 53 parliamentarians have signed the Statement from the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Russia, Belgium, Germany, Brazil, U.S.A., and Italy.
The appeal was endorsed in motions concerning the Nuclear Nonproliferation Review Conference on march 10th by both the European Parliament and the Australian Senate.
This project was initiated and is coordinated by the Association of World Citizens in San Francisco and by Friends of the Earth Australia in Sydney, with assistance from many other groups worldwide including Abolition-2000, the International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms (IALANA), Mayors for Peace, and the War & Peace Foundation.
In spite of significant reductions in the number of nuclear warheads held by the U.S. and Russia from 1990 onwards, both countries maintain thousands of warheads on 'launch on warning' and 'hair-trigger" alert status to this day and will continue to do so, in spite of the Moscow Treaty, through 2012.
A recent report by the RAND corporation reported that the 4,000 U.S. and Russian strategic nuclear warheads on hair-trigger alert could be launched in a few minutes notice destroying both countries in an hour.
A number of terrifying 'near misses' to nuclear war have taken place, both during and after the end of the Cold War, in which the fate of civilization has depended on correct decision-making by highly stressed military personnel or on presidents whose sobriety has sometimes been questionable.
Moreover, the nuclear danger has accelerated with the acquisition of nuclear weapons by India and Pakistan, and the evolution of centralized command and control systems in those countries. The subcontinent is moving toward a highly dangerous 'hair trigger' status.
Taking nuclear weapons systems off hair-trigger alert has been called for repeatedly by the European Parliament, the UN General Assembly, and was a key recommendation of the Canberra Commission in 1996, and of the Atlanta Consultation, chaired by President Carter in January of 2005.
Removing strategic nuclear weapons from launch on warning status is seen by the Canberra Commission and the Atlanta Consultation as a first step toward the elimination of nuclear arsenals worldwide, as required by article VI of the NPT. The issue of removing nuclear weapons from "hair-trigger" alert underlines the necessity of ceasing to play Russian (or American, or Indian or Pakistani) roulette with the entire world.
Our Statement calling for the elimination of hair-trigger policy will be released in Melbourne, Geneva, Hiroshima, San Francisco, New York (at the UN), and London on April 5th.
This project was initiated from the World Citizen Award presented to Stanislav Petrov in Moscow on 21 May 2004 by the Association of World Citizens. Petrov is credited by many arms experts as probably saving the world from nuclear war though his singular decision when in charge of an early-warning bunker outside of Moscow on September 26, 1983, when the system indicated the Soviet Union was under a missile attack by the United States.
Attached:
The Statement of Endorsement
The resolution "Operational Status of Nuclear Weapons" that was endorsed
The list of endorsers
Article on Stanislav Petrov
STATEMENT OF ENDORSEMENT
For the resolutions "Operational Status of Nuclear Weapons"
The Distinguished individuals and organizations below make the following appeal concerning nuclear weapons, and the danger posed by the maintenance of thousands of nuclear warheads and delivery systems on launch-on-warning status.
We call on the governments of the United States, Russia, China, France, and the UK, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea, to support and implement steps to lower the operational status of nuclear weapon systems in order to reduce the risk of nuclear catastrophe and as part of their obligations, affirmed by the International Court of Justice, to achieve the elimination of nuclear weapons under strict and effective international control.
We note that:
1) To this day, thousands of nuclear weapons in the US and Russia are on Launch-on-warning status, and that the megatonnage involved remains more than enough to destroy civilization and perhaps the human race.
2) That the Indian subcontinent is increasingly on a 'hair-trigger' status.
3) That there have been numerous incidents in which a nuclear exchange involving thousands of warheads could have taken place, and in which the fate of the earth has depended on the correct judgment of a single individual.
4) That the US, Russia, China, France, and the UK have failed so far to make further progress to achieve the total and unequivocal elimination of their nuclear arsenals, as called for under international law.
5) That, in addition to the failure of the 'official' nuclear weapons powers to fulfill their treaty obligations, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea also posses nuclear weapons, and that the risk of their use is very real.
6) That a number of calls have been made by the UN General Assembly and by the European Parliament to lower the operational status of nuclear weapons.
Accordingly we call on the governments of the United States, Russia, China, France and the UK, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea, to:
a) Take immediate steps to lower the operational status of nuclear weapons, and to revise nuclear doctrines, policies and postures to reflect such lowered operational status.
b) To implement in good faith their obligations under international law , to accomplish the total and unequivocal elimination of their nuclear arsenals.
c) To implement the steps toward nuclear disarmament outlined in the '13 steps' of the final declaration of the Year 2000 NPT Review Conference.
d) We call on non- nuclear nations to press for nuclear disarmament in every available international forum especially including the United Nations General Assembly First Committee and the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva.
e) We call on legislators worldwide to pass resolutions in national and other parliaments pressing for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons and for nuclear disarmament as mandated by international law.
We draw the attention of legislators and diplomats to the two texts below:
i) A model for a resolution in the UN General Assembly calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons (Note that in the process of getting it through the GA First Committee it may experience some alterations in text)
ii) Motion passed by the Australian Senate congratulating Colonel Stanislav Petrov on preventing nuclear war during the Serpukhov 15 incident of Sept 26 1983, and calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons.
You are invited to endorse the statement above calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons systems, and to give your support to measures such as the texts below.
***********************************************************************
Operational status of nuclear weapons
Addressed to the United Nations General Assembly, the Non Proliferation
Treaty Review Conference, and to all nuclear weapons states
Convinced that the possible use of nuclear weapons poses the most serious threat to humanity and to the survival of civilization,
Convinced also that the maintenance of nuclear weapons systems at a high level of readiness-to-use increases the risks of unintentional or accidental use of such weapons which would have catastrophic consequences,
Noting that a high level of nuclear weapons readiness-to-use has contributed to a number of circumstances when nuclear weapons have become very close to being used,
Welcoming steps taken by States possessing nuclear weapons to reduce nuclear risks and prevent nuclear war,
Welcoming particularly the agreement by Russia and the United States of America on the Establishment of the Joint Centre for the Exchange of Data from Early Warning Systems and Notification of Missile Launches, but noting that the agreement has not yet been implemented,
Considering that, until nuclear weapons are eliminated, it is imperative that further steps be taken to prevent the accidental, unauthorized or unintentional use of nuclear weapons,
Expressing its deep concern that thousands of strategic warheads remain on Launch-On-Warning status,
Expressing its concern also about emerging approaches to the broader role of nuclear weapons as part of security strategies, including rationalizations for the use, and the possible development, of new types of nuclear weapons,
Recalling the program of action agreed at the 2000 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference, which called for concrete agreed measures to further reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons systems
Recalling resolutions [specify resolution numbers] on the floor of this assembly have called for reductions in the operational status of nuclear weapons,
Mindful that concrete steps to reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons systems will help reduce tensions, build confidence and support negotiations leading to the elimination of nuclear weapons,
1. Calls for a review of nuclear doctrines emphasizing concrete steps to reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons,
2. Encourages States to immediately implement unilateral steps including, inter alia, the rescinding of launch-on-warning policies, and to urgently conclude negotiated steps, pending agreements for the complete elimination of nuclear weapons,
3. Calls on all States possessing nuclear weapons to undertake not to increase the number or types of weapons deployed and not to develop new types of weapons or rationalizations for their use,
4. Calls for further confidence building and transparency measures to reduce the threats posed by nuclear weapons,
5. Requests States possessing nuclear weapons to report to the 60th session on steps they have taken to implement this resolution
6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its 60th session the item entitled "Operational status of nuclear weapons"
*****************************************************************
ii) Motion passed by Australian Senate 23 June 2004 congratulating Colonel Stanislav Petrov
FOREIGN AFFAIRS-NUCLEAR WEAPON SYSTEMS-COLONEL STANISLAV PETROV
Senator Allison amended general business notice of motion no. 895 by leave and, pursuant to notice of motion not objected to as a formal motion, moved-That the Senate-
a) recalls the incident that took place in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) at Serpukhov-15 on 26 September 1983 at 12.30 pm Moscow time, and the role of Colonel Stanislav Petrov in this incident;
b) notes:
i) That the Serpukhov-15 incident, in which a newly installed Soviet surveillance system reported that the United States of America (US) had launched nuclear missiles at the USSR, is considered by many analysts to have been the closest the world has ever come to nuclear war,
ii) that the megatonnage that was likely to have been used at that time was between 30 and 60 times the amount required to produce a nuclear winter, and that the number of nuclear weapons that would have been launched would have been enough to end civilization and kill most living things,
iii) the role played by Colonel Petrov in refraining from launching a number of thousands of warheads at the US in retaliation and in pressing his superiors to consider the report a false alarm,
iv) That the Canberra Commission of 1996 recommended that strategic nuclear weapons be taken off `Launch on Warning' status, and
v) the resolution of the European Parliament of 18 November 1999, and the Senate's own resolutions as well as repeated calls to lower the alert status of strategic nuclear weapons made by the Non-Aligned Movement and the New Agenda Coalition that have been passed year after year by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly;
b) offers its congratulations to Colonel Petrov for being presented with the World Citizen Award on Friday, 21 May 2004, in recognition of his actions; and
c) urges the Government to give support to measures aimed at lowering the readiness to launch nuclear weapon systems and to support such measures on the floor of the UN General Assembly.
Question put and passed.
For information on this project contact:
Doug Mattern,
President, Association of World Citizens
55 New Montgomery Street, Suite 224,
San Francisco, CA 94105.
415 541 9610
worldcit@best.com
FAX: 650 745 0640
Or
John Hallam
Nuclear Weapons Campaigner Friends of the Earth Australia,
nonukes@foesyd.org.au
61-2-9567-7533, fax 61-2-9567-7166
1 Henry Street Turella NSW Aust 2205
-----------------------------------------
The following is a list of the individuals and organizations that signed the Statement of Endorsement
32 Nobel Laureates, 237 organizations from 40 countries, and 53 members of parliament)
Nobel Laureates
Dr. Alexei Abrikosov Physics 2003
Dr. Kenneth Arrow Economics 1972
Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo Peace 1996
Dr. Baruj Benacerraf Medicine 1980
Dr. Guenter Blobel Medicine 1999
Mairead Corrigan Maguire Peace 1976
Johann Deisenhofer Chemistry 1988
Dr. Peter C. Doherty Medicine 1996
Dr. R.R. Ernst Chemistry 1991
Dr. John B. Fenn Chemistry 2002
Dr. Edmond H. Fischer Medicine 1992
Dr. Val L. Fitch Physics 1980
Dr. Roger Guillemin Medicine 1977
Dr. Herbert A. Hauptman Chemistry 1985
Dr. Dudley Herschbach Chemistry 1986
Dr. Roald Hoffman Chemistry 1981
Jose Ramos-Horta Peace 1996
David H. Hubel Medicine 1981
Dr. Arthur Kornberg Medicine 1959
Dr. Paul C. Lauterbur Medicine 2003
Dr. Leon M. Lederman Physics 1988
Dr. Jean-Marie Lehn Chemistry 1987
Dr. Mario Molina Chemistry 1995
Dr. Ferid Murad Medicine 1998
Dr. Joseph Rotblat Peace 1995
Oscar Arias Sanchez Peace 1987
Dr. Frederick Sanger Chemistry 1958; 1980
Dr. Jack Steinberger Physics 1998
Dr. E. Donnall Thomas Medicine 1990
Archbishop Desmond Tutu Peace 1984
Betty Williams Peace 1976
The Dalai Lama Peace 1989
The full list of endorsers is available on request
A PLEA BY NOBEL LAUREATES, PARALIAMENTARINS, THE EUROPARLIAMENT, AND NGOS AROUND THE WORLD
32 Nobel Laureates and 237 organizations and parliamentarians from around the world have signed a Statement of Endorsement that calls for removing all strategic nuclear weapons from "hair-trigger alert and "Launch on Warning" status. In addition the Statement has been endorsed by the European Parliament and by the Australian Senate.
The Statement is being released in the warm-up to the Nuclear Nonproliferation Review Conference in New York May 2-29 and is aimed at raising the profile of the issue of nuclear weapons operating status at that review.
Of the 32 Nobel Laureates signing the Statement, eight are Peace Laureates, including the Dalai Lama, Jose Ramos Horta, Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, Mairead Corrigan Maquire, Joseph Rotblat, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, Oscar Arias Sanchez, and Betty Williams. In addition, the International Peace Bureau and IPPNW, that have received the Nobel Peace Prize, also endorsed the Statement.
A total of 53 parliamentarians have signed the Statement from the UK, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, Russia, Belgium, Germany, Brazil, U.S.A., and Italy.
The appeal was endorsed in motions concerning the Nuclear Nonproliferation Review Conference on march 10th by both the European Parliament and the Australian Senate.
This project was initiated and is coordinated by the Association of World Citizens in San Francisco and by Friends of the Earth Australia in Sydney, with assistance from many other groups worldwide including Abolition-2000, the International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms (IALANA), Mayors for Peace, and the War & Peace Foundation.
In spite of significant reductions in the number of nuclear warheads held by the U.S. and Russia from 1990 onwards, both countries maintain thousands of warheads on 'launch on warning' and 'hair-trigger" alert status to this day and will continue to do so, in spite of the Moscow Treaty, through 2012.
A recent report by the RAND corporation reported that the 4,000 U.S. and Russian strategic nuclear warheads on hair-trigger alert could be launched in a few minutes notice destroying both countries in an hour.
A number of terrifying 'near misses' to nuclear war have taken place, both during and after the end of the Cold War, in which the fate of civilization has depended on correct decision-making by highly stressed military personnel or on presidents whose sobriety has sometimes been questionable.
Moreover, the nuclear danger has accelerated with the acquisition of nuclear weapons by India and Pakistan, and the evolution of centralized command and control systems in those countries. The subcontinent is moving toward a highly dangerous 'hair trigger' status.
Taking nuclear weapons systems off hair-trigger alert has been called for repeatedly by the European Parliament, the UN General Assembly, and was a key recommendation of the Canberra Commission in 1996, and of the Atlanta Consultation, chaired by President Carter in January of 2005.
Removing strategic nuclear weapons from launch on warning status is seen by the Canberra Commission and the Atlanta Consultation as a first step toward the elimination of nuclear arsenals worldwide, as required by article VI of the NPT. The issue of removing nuclear weapons from "hair-trigger" alert underlines the necessity of ceasing to play Russian (or American, or Indian or Pakistani) roulette with the entire world.
Our Statement calling for the elimination of hair-trigger policy will be released in Melbourne, Geneva, Hiroshima, San Francisco, New York (at the UN), and London on April 5th.
This project was initiated from the World Citizen Award presented to Stanislav Petrov in Moscow on 21 May 2004 by the Association of World Citizens. Petrov is credited by many arms experts as probably saving the world from nuclear war though his singular decision when in charge of an early-warning bunker outside of Moscow on September 26, 1983, when the system indicated the Soviet Union was under a missile attack by the United States.
Attached:
The Statement of Endorsement
The resolution "Operational Status of Nuclear Weapons" that was endorsed
The list of endorsers
Article on Stanislav Petrov
STATEMENT OF ENDORSEMENT
For the resolutions "Operational Status of Nuclear Weapons"
The Distinguished individuals and organizations below make the following appeal concerning nuclear weapons, and the danger posed by the maintenance of thousands of nuclear warheads and delivery systems on launch-on-warning status.
We call on the governments of the United States, Russia, China, France, and the UK, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea, to support and implement steps to lower the operational status of nuclear weapon systems in order to reduce the risk of nuclear catastrophe and as part of their obligations, affirmed by the International Court of Justice, to achieve the elimination of nuclear weapons under strict and effective international control.
We note that:
1) To this day, thousands of nuclear weapons in the US and Russia are on Launch-on-warning status, and that the megatonnage involved remains more than enough to destroy civilization and perhaps the human race.
2) That the Indian subcontinent is increasingly on a 'hair-trigger' status.
3) That there have been numerous incidents in which a nuclear exchange involving thousands of warheads could have taken place, and in which the fate of the earth has depended on the correct judgment of a single individual.
4) That the US, Russia, China, France, and the UK have failed so far to make further progress to achieve the total and unequivocal elimination of their nuclear arsenals, as called for under international law.
5) That, in addition to the failure of the 'official' nuclear weapons powers to fulfill their treaty obligations, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea also posses nuclear weapons, and that the risk of their use is very real.
6) That a number of calls have been made by the UN General Assembly and by the European Parliament to lower the operational status of nuclear weapons.
Accordingly we call on the governments of the United States, Russia, China, France and the UK, India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea, to:
a) Take immediate steps to lower the operational status of nuclear weapons, and to revise nuclear doctrines, policies and postures to reflect such lowered operational status.
b) To implement in good faith their obligations under international law , to accomplish the total and unequivocal elimination of their nuclear arsenals.
c) To implement the steps toward nuclear disarmament outlined in the '13 steps' of the final declaration of the Year 2000 NPT Review Conference.
d) We call on non- nuclear nations to press for nuclear disarmament in every available international forum especially including the United Nations General Assembly First Committee and the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva.
e) We call on legislators worldwide to pass resolutions in national and other parliaments pressing for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons and for nuclear disarmament as mandated by international law.
We draw the attention of legislators and diplomats to the two texts below:
i) A model for a resolution in the UN General Assembly calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons (Note that in the process of getting it through the GA First Committee it may experience some alterations in text)
ii) Motion passed by the Australian Senate congratulating Colonel Stanislav Petrov on preventing nuclear war during the Serpukhov 15 incident of Sept 26 1983, and calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons.
You are invited to endorse the statement above calling for the lowering of the operational status of nuclear weapons systems, and to give your support to measures such as the texts below.
***********************************************************************
Operational status of nuclear weapons
Addressed to the United Nations General Assembly, the Non Proliferation
Treaty Review Conference, and to all nuclear weapons states
Convinced that the possible use of nuclear weapons poses the most serious threat to humanity and to the survival of civilization,
Convinced also that the maintenance of nuclear weapons systems at a high level of readiness-to-use increases the risks of unintentional or accidental use of such weapons which would have catastrophic consequences,
Noting that a high level of nuclear weapons readiness-to-use has contributed to a number of circumstances when nuclear weapons have become very close to being used,
Welcoming steps taken by States possessing nuclear weapons to reduce nuclear risks and prevent nuclear war,
Welcoming particularly the agreement by Russia and the United States of America on the Establishment of the Joint Centre for the Exchange of Data from Early Warning Systems and Notification of Missile Launches, but noting that the agreement has not yet been implemented,
Considering that, until nuclear weapons are eliminated, it is imperative that further steps be taken to prevent the accidental, unauthorized or unintentional use of nuclear weapons,
Expressing its deep concern that thousands of strategic warheads remain on Launch-On-Warning status,
Expressing its concern also about emerging approaches to the broader role of nuclear weapons as part of security strategies, including rationalizations for the use, and the possible development, of new types of nuclear weapons,
Recalling the program of action agreed at the 2000 Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference, which called for concrete agreed measures to further reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons systems
Recalling resolutions [specify resolution numbers] on the floor of this assembly have called for reductions in the operational status of nuclear weapons,
Mindful that concrete steps to reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons systems will help reduce tensions, build confidence and support negotiations leading to the elimination of nuclear weapons,
1. Calls for a review of nuclear doctrines emphasizing concrete steps to reduce the operational status of nuclear weapons,
2. Encourages States to immediately implement unilateral steps including, inter alia, the rescinding of launch-on-warning policies, and to urgently conclude negotiated steps, pending agreements for the complete elimination of nuclear weapons,
3. Calls on all States possessing nuclear weapons to undertake not to increase the number or types of weapons deployed and not to develop new types of weapons or rationalizations for their use,
4. Calls for further confidence building and transparency measures to reduce the threats posed by nuclear weapons,
5. Requests States possessing nuclear weapons to report to the 60th session on steps they have taken to implement this resolution
6. Decides to include in the provisional agenda of its 60th session the item entitled "Operational status of nuclear weapons"
*****************************************************************
ii) Motion passed by Australian Senate 23 June 2004 congratulating Colonel Stanislav Petrov
FOREIGN AFFAIRS-NUCLEAR WEAPON SYSTEMS-COLONEL STANISLAV PETROV
Senator Allison amended general business notice of motion no. 895 by leave and, pursuant to notice of motion not objected to as a formal motion, moved-That the Senate-
a) recalls the incident that took place in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) at Serpukhov-15 on 26 September 1983 at 12.30 pm Moscow time, and the role of Colonel Stanislav Petrov in this incident;
b) notes:
i) That the Serpukhov-15 incident, in which a newly installed Soviet surveillance system reported that the United States of America (US) had launched nuclear missiles at the USSR, is considered by many analysts to have been the closest the world has ever come to nuclear war,
ii) that the megatonnage that was likely to have been used at that time was between 30 and 60 times the amount required to produce a nuclear winter, and that the number of nuclear weapons that would have been launched would have been enough to end civilization and kill most living things,
iii) the role played by Colonel Petrov in refraining from launching a number of thousands of warheads at the US in retaliation and in pressing his superiors to consider the report a false alarm,
iv) That the Canberra Commission of 1996 recommended that strategic nuclear weapons be taken off `Launch on Warning' status, and
v) the resolution of the European Parliament of 18 November 1999, and the Senate's own resolutions as well as repeated calls to lower the alert status of strategic nuclear weapons made by the Non-Aligned Movement and the New Agenda Coalition that have been passed year after year by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly;
b) offers its congratulations to Colonel Petrov for being presented with the World Citizen Award on Friday, 21 May 2004, in recognition of his actions; and
c) urges the Government to give support to measures aimed at lowering the readiness to launch nuclear weapon systems and to support such measures on the floor of the UN General Assembly.
Question put and passed.
For information on this project contact:
Doug Mattern,
President, Association of World Citizens
55 New Montgomery Street, Suite 224,
San Francisco, CA 94105.
415 541 9610
worldcit@best.com
FAX: 650 745 0640
Or
John Hallam
Nuclear Weapons Campaigner Friends of the Earth Australia,
nonukes@foesyd.org.au
61-2-9567-7533, fax 61-2-9567-7166
1 Henry Street Turella NSW Aust 2205
-----------------------------------------
The following is a list of the individuals and organizations that signed the Statement of Endorsement
32 Nobel Laureates, 237 organizations from 40 countries, and 53 members of parliament)
Nobel Laureates
Dr. Alexei Abrikosov Physics 2003
Dr. Kenneth Arrow Economics 1972
Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo Peace 1996
Dr. Baruj Benacerraf Medicine 1980
Dr. Guenter Blobel Medicine 1999
Mairead Corrigan Maguire Peace 1976
Johann Deisenhofer Chemistry 1988
Dr. Peter C. Doherty Medicine 1996
Dr. R.R. Ernst Chemistry 1991
Dr. John B. Fenn Chemistry 2002
Dr. Edmond H. Fischer Medicine 1992
Dr. Val L. Fitch Physics 1980
Dr. Roger Guillemin Medicine 1977
Dr. Herbert A. Hauptman Chemistry 1985
Dr. Dudley Herschbach Chemistry 1986
Dr. Roald Hoffman Chemistry 1981
Jose Ramos-Horta Peace 1996
David H. Hubel Medicine 1981
Dr. Arthur Kornberg Medicine 1959
Dr. Paul C. Lauterbur Medicine 2003
Dr. Leon M. Lederman Physics 1988
Dr. Jean-Marie Lehn Chemistry 1987
Dr. Mario Molina Chemistry 1995
Dr. Ferid Murad Medicine 1998
Dr. Joseph Rotblat Peace 1995
Oscar Arias Sanchez Peace 1987
Dr. Frederick Sanger Chemistry 1958; 1980
Dr. Jack Steinberger Physics 1998
Dr. E. Donnall Thomas Medicine 1990
Archbishop Desmond Tutu Peace 1984
Betty Williams Peace 1976
The Dalai Lama Peace 1989
The full list of endorsers is available on request
Douglas Mattern
President
Association of World Citizens
San Francisco, CA
650-326-1409
650-745-0640
First Url: Association of World Citizens
